| Међународни научни скуп: СТРАТЕГИЈА ВАСПИТАЊА И ОБРАЗОВАЊА У САВРЕМЕНИМ УСЛОВИМА |
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| ЗР ПИП-04
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PATHWAYS TOWARD SUSTAINABLE INCLUSIVE EDUCATION – AN ANALYSIS OF CHALLENGES AND SOLUTIONS
Abstract: Inclusive education faces a variety of challenges that require a deep understanding and comprehensive approach to be addressed effectively. The primary goal of inclusive education is to provide equal opportunities for all students, including those with developmental disabilities or other learning difficulties. Research in this field highlights significant progress in the implementation of inclusive practices, while simultaneously revealing numerous persistent barriers. Among these challenges are the lack of adequate teacher training, limited resources, and resistance within local communities. This paper aims to offer a comprehensive framework for analyzing these obstacles, with an emphasis on the factors that support the successful implementation of inclusive educational practices. The analysis is based on studies retrieved from databases such as Google Scholar, ResearchGate, Scribd, and PubMed, prioritizing peer-reviewed journal articles over conference abstracts. The examined issues include contemporary barriers to inclusive education such as limited resources, insufficient teacher competencies, stigmatization, policy gaps, low levels of parental involvement, systemic inconsistencies, and challenges in implementing flexible curricula and inclusive assessment strategies. At the same time, the paper identifies strategies with strong potential for improvement, including professional development for teachers, curriculum adaptation, enhanced collaboration between teachers and parents, and active community involvement in the educational process. The findings provide a thorough understanding of inclusive education, addressing both the institutional and psychosocial factors essential for effective student support. The analysis also highlights the key skills and competencies teachers need in order to implement inclusive methods successfully. Finally, it underscores the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration and the necessity of systemic support to ensure the sustainability of inclusive education.
Keywords: inclusive education, teacher professional development, systemic support.
ПРАВЦИ КА ОДРЖИВОМ ИНКЛУЗИВНОМ ОБРАЗОВАЊУ – АНАЛИЗА ИЗАЗОВА И РЕШЕЊА
Сажетак: Различити изазови стоје пред инклузивним образовањем, што захтева дубоко разумевање и свеобухватан приступ како би се они ефикасно решавали. Основна сврха инклузивног образовања је да пружи једнаке шансе свим ученицима, укључујући и оне који имају сметње у развоју или друге развојне потешкоће. Истраживања из ове области указују на значајан напредак у примени инклузивних пракси, али истовремено разоткривају бројне препреке које и даље постоје. Међу овим изазовима су недостатак адекватне обуке наставника, ограничени ресурси и отпор из самих заједница. Овај рад има за циљ да понуди свеобухватни оквир за анализу тих препрека, са нагласком на факторе који подржавају успешну примену инклузивних образовних пракси. У анализи су коришћене базе података GoogleScholar, ResearchGate, Scribd и PubMed, искључујући апстракте са конференција и дајући предност пуним истраживањима из научних часописа. Проблеми који се разматрају у анализи укључују савремене баријере у инклузивном образовању, попут ограничених ресурса, недостатка потребних вештина наставника, стигматизације, празнина у инклузивним политикама, недовољног ангажовања родитеља, недоследности система и проблема у примени флексибилних наставних планова и инклузивног оцењивања. Истовремено, истакнуте су стратегије које показују потенцијал за напредак, као што су професионални развој наставника, прилагођавање наставних планова, побољшање сарадње наставника и родитеља и активно укључивање заједнице у образовни процес. Резултати истраживања пружају свеобухватно разумевање инклузивног образовања, уз разматрање изазова са којима се суочавају образовне институције, као и психосоцијалних фактора који су кључни за ефикасну подршку ученицима. Анализа такође разматра кључне вештине и карактеристике које наставници треба да поседују како би успешно примењивали инклузивне методе у настави. Преглед такође акценат ставља на значај сарадње различитих стручњака и указује на потребу за системском подршком у циљу обезбеђивања одрживости инклузивног образовања.
Кључне речи: инклузивно образовање, стручно усавршавање наставника, системска подршка.
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